Certifications Hub
Books, roadmaps, costs, and study methods for major cybersecurity certifications.
Curated for practitioners. No affiliate links on this page. Updated for 2025–2026.
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Quick Reference
41 certifications across 10 certification bodies. Costs are exam-only (training separate).
| Certification | Level | Domain | Exam fee | Format | Passing | Validity | Experience |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISC2 6 certs | |||||||
| CISSPISC2 | Advanced | GRC / Management | $749 · €690 | 3–6 hrs (CAT) · 100–175 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 40 CPE/yr | 5 yrs in 2+ domains |
| CCSPISC2 | Advanced | Cloud Security | $599 · €550 | 4 hrs · 150 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 30 CPE/yr | 5 yrs IT (3 in security, 1 in cloud) |
| SSCPISC2 | Intermediate | Operations / Technical | $249 · €230 | 4 hrs · 150 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 1 yr in 1+ domain |
| CCISC2 | Entry | General Security | $199 · €185 | 2 hrs · 100 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 15 CPE/yr | None |
| CGRCISC2 | Intermediate | GRC | $599 · €550 | 3 hrs · 125 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 2 yrs in 1+ domain |
| CSSLPISC2 | Advanced | AppSec / SDLC | $599 · €550 | 4 hrs · 175 | 700 / 1000 | 3 yrs + 30 CPE/yr | 4 yrs in SDLC |
| ISACA 5 certs | |||||||
| CISAISACA | Advanced | Audit | $760 · €700 | 4 hrs · 150 | 450 / 800 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 5 yrs in IS audit |
| CISMISACA | Advanced | Security Management | $760 · €700 | 4 hrs · 150 | 450 / 800 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 5 yrs in infosec mgmt (3 in mgmt) |
| CRISCISACA | Advanced | Risk Management | $760 · €700 | 4 hrs · 150 | 450 / 800 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 3 yrs in IT risk mgmt |
| CGEITISACA | Expert | IT Governance | $760 · €700 | 4 hrs · 150 | 450 / 800 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 5 yrs in IT governance |
| CDPSEISACA | Intermediate | Privacy Engineering | $760 · €700 | 3.5 hrs · 120 | 450 / 800 | 3 yrs + 20 CPE/yr | 2 yrs in privacy |
| CompTIA 4 certs | |||||||
| Security+CompTIA | Entry | General Security | $404 · €375 | 1.5 hrs · 90 max | 750 / 900 | 3 yrs + CEUs | None (2 yrs recommended) |
| CySA+CompTIA | Intermediate | Defensive / SOC | $404 · €375 | 2.5 hrs · 85 max | 750 / 900 | 3 yrs + CEUs | 3–4 yrs hands-on |
| PenTest+CompTIA | Intermediate | Offensive | $404 · €375 | 2.5 hrs · 85 max | 750 / 900 | 3 yrs + CEUs | 3–4 yrs hands-on |
| CASP+CompTIA | Advanced | Security Architecture | $494 · €455 | 2.5 hrs · 90 max | Pass / Fail | 3 yrs + CEUs | 10 yrs general IT (5 in security) |
| GIAC / SANS 10 certs | |||||||
| GSECGIAC / SANS | Intermediate | General Security | $949 · €875 | 4–5 hrs · 106–180 | 73% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC401 recommended) |
| GPENGIAC / SANS | Advanced | Offensive | $949 · €875 | 3 hrs · 82 | 75% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC560 recommended) |
| GCIHGIAC / SANS | Intermediate | Defensive / IR | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 106 | 70% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC504 recommended) |
| GCIAGIAC / SANS | Advanced | Defensive / Network | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 106 | 67% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC503 recommended) |
| GCFAGIAC / SANS | Advanced | DFIR | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 82 | 72% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (FOR508 recommended) |
| GCFEGIAC / SANS | Intermediate | DFIR | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 82 | 71% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (FOR500 recommended) |
| GREMGIAC / SANS | Advanced | Malware Analysis | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 75 | 73% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (FOR610 recommended) |
| GWAPTGIAC / SANS | Intermediate | Offensive / Web | $949 · €875 | 4 hrs · 82 | 71% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC542 recommended) |
| GFACTGIAC / SANS | Entry | General Security | $949 · €875 | 2 hrs · 75 | 71% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None |
| GXPNGIAC / SANS | Expert | Offensive / Exploit Dev | $949 · €875 | 3 hrs · 60 | 67% | 4 yrs + 36 CPE | None (SEC660 recommended) |
| OffSec 6 certs | |||||||
| OSCPOffSec | Intermediate | Offensive | $1,749 · €1,610 | 23 hrs 45 min · Practical (3 standalone + AD set) | 70 points | Lifetime | None (PEN-200 course required) |
| OSEPOffSec | Advanced | Offensive / Evasion | $1,749 · €1,610 | 47 hrs 45 min · Practical | Secret flag(s) | Lifetime | OSCP or equivalent |
| OSWEOffSec | Advanced | Offensive / Web | $1,749 · €1,610 | 47 hrs 45 min · Practical | Secret flag(s) | Lifetime | OSCP or equivalent + web dev knowledge |
| OSWPOffSec | Intermediate | Offensive / Wireless | $799 · €735 | 3 hrs 45 min · Practical | Not disclosed | Lifetime | Basic networking |
| OSEDOffSec | Expert | Offensive / Exploit Dev | $1,749 · €1,610 | 47 hrs 45 min · Practical | Not disclosed | Lifetime | OSCP + programming |
| OSDAOffSec | Intermediate | Defensive / SOC | $1,749 · €1,610 | 23 hrs 45 min · Practical | Not disclosed | Lifetime | Basic security knowledge |
| EC-Council 2 certs | |||||||
| CEHEC-Council | Intermediate | Offensive | $1,199 · €1,100 | 4 hrs · 125 | 70% | 3 yrs + 120 ECE | 2 yrs in infosec (or official training) |
| CHFIEC-Council | Intermediate | DFIR | $1,199 · €1,100 | 4 hrs · 150 | 70% | 3 yrs + 120 ECE | 2 yrs in infosec (or official training) |
| INE / eLearnSecurity 2 certs | |||||||
| eJPTINE / eLearnSecurity | Entry | Offensive | $249 · €230 | 48 hrs · Practical + MCQ | 70% | 3 yrs | None |
| eCPPTINE / eLearnSecurity | Intermediate | Offensive | $400 · €370 | 14 days (7 days exam + 7 days report) · Practical + Report | Report-based | 3 yrs | eJPT or equivalent |
| TCM Security 1 certs | |||||||
| PNPTTCM Security | Intermediate | Offensive | $399 · €370 | 5 days (pentest) + 2 days (report) · Practical + Report + Debrief | Report-based + debrief | Lifetime | None |
| Cisco 2 certs | |||||||
| CyberOps AssociateCisco | Entry | Defensive / SOC | $330 · €305 | 2 hrs · 95–105 | Not publicly disclosed | 3 yrs | None |
| CCNP SecurityCisco | Advanced | Network Security | $660 · €610 | 2 hrs (core) + 1.5 hrs (concentration) · ~100 per exam | Not publicly disclosed | 3 yrs | 3–5 yrs networking |
| Cloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP) 3 certs | |||||||
| AWS Security SpecialtyCloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP) | Advanced | Cloud Security | $300 · €275 | 2.5 hrs · 65 | 750 / 1000 | 3 yrs | 5 yrs IT security + 2 yrs AWS |
| AZ-500Cloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP) | Intermediate | Cloud Security | $165 · €155 | 2.5 hrs · 40–60 | 700 / 1000 | 1 yr (annual renewal via free assessment) | 1–2 yrs Azure security |
| GCP Security EngineerCloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP) | Advanced | Cloud Security | $200 · €185 | 2 hrs · 50–60 | Not publicly disclosed | 2 yrs | 3+ yrs industry + 1 yr GCP |
No certification matches the current filters.
Certification Roadmaps by Role
Six paths, start to senior. Read the fit line first — ruling a path out is as useful as picking one. Every step links to its full profile.
🛡 SOC Analyst (L1 → L3)
You want to work in a monitoring team, triaging alerts and running detections. The most common way into the industry, and the easiest to get hired for with no prior security experience.
- Start with
- CC
- Steps
- 6
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$4,580
- Realistic duration
- 3–5 years to L3
- Security+ · $404 or CC · $199 Baseline security knowledge. DoD 8570 compliant.
- CyberOps Associate · $330 SOC-specific fundamentals and monitoring skills.
- CySA+ · $404 Deeper analyst skills: threat detection, SIEM, vulnerability management.
- OSDA · $1,749 Practical SOC skills validated by hands-on exam.
- GCIH · $949 Incident handling expertise via SANS SEC504.
- GCIA · $949 Advanced network analysis and intrusion detection.
Worth knowing: Shift work is common at L1. The first two steps are enough to get hired — do not stall at the bottom collecting entry certs.
🖤 Penetration Tester (Junior → Senior)
You want to test systems hands-on and write up what you broke. Suits people who enjoy long unstructured problem-solving and can self-direct through lab work.
- Start with
- eJPT
- Steps
- 6
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$5,499
- Realistic duration
- 3–6 years to senior
- eJPT · $249 Affordable, practical entry point. Builds foundational pentest skills.
- Security+ · $404 or PenTest+ · $404 Broad security knowledge base. Meets compliance requirements.
- PNPT · $399 Real-world pentest methodology with report writing and debrief.
- OSCP · $1,749 Industry gold standard. Validates hands-on exploitation skills.
- OSEP · $1,749 Advanced evasion, AD attacks, and red team techniques.
- GXPN · $949 or OSED · $1,749 Expert-level exploit development and advanced offensive research.
Worth knowing: The most oversubscribed path in security — junior offensive roles are scarce. Certifications alone will not get you hired without lab work and write-ups to show.
📋 GRC / Compliance Analyst
You want to work on audit, risk and regulation rather than systems. The most accessible path for career changers from audit, law, finance or project management.
- Start with
- CC
- Steps
- 6
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$3,827
- Realistic duration
- 4–7 years to senior
- CC · $199 or Security+ · $404 Security fundamentals baseline.
- CISA · $760 IT audit skills — essential for compliance roles.
- CRISC · $760 IT risk management specialization.
- CISM · $760 Security management and governance perspective.
- CGRC · $599 RMF and authorization specialization (government/regulated sectors).
- CISSP · $749 Broad management credential. Opens CISO-track opportunities.
Worth knowing: ISACA certifications need verified work experience before they are awarded — you can pass the exam years before you can use the letters.
☁ Cloud Security Engineer
You already work in cloud, platform or DevOps and want to move sideways into security. The fastest path to a well-paid role if you have engineering experience already.
- Start with
- Security+
- Steps
- 5
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$2,321
- Realistic duration
- 2–4 years
- Security+ · $404 Security fundamentals baseline.
- AZ-500 · $165 or AWS Security Specialty · $300 or GCP Security Engineer · $200 Platform-specific security skills for your primary cloud.
- CySA+ · $404 Defensive monitoring skills applicable to cloud SOC.
- CCSP · $599 Vendor-neutral cloud security architecture and governance.
- CISSP · $749 Senior security leadership credential.
Worth knowing: Vendor certifications expire on a short cycle and track a moving product. Pick the cloud your employer actually runs before you buy anything.
🔍 DFIR / Threat Hunter
You want to work incidents end to end and reconstruct what happened. Usually entered from a SOC role rather than directly — expect this to be a second move, not a first job.
- Start with
- Security+
- Steps
- 6
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$4,604
- Realistic duration
- 4–6 years
- Security+ · $404 Security baseline.
- CySA+ · $404 Detection and analysis fundamentals.
- GCIH · $949 Incident handling via SANS SEC504.
- GCFE · $949 Windows forensics fundamentals via SANS FOR500.
- GCFA · $949 Advanced forensics and threat hunting via SANS FOR508.
- GREM · $949 Malware reverse engineering for deep analysis.
Worth knowing: The strongest certifications here are GIAC, and GIAC is priced around SANS training. Without an employer paying, this is the most expensive path on the page.
🏢 Security Architect / CISO Track
You already have several years in a technical security role and want to move into design and leadership. Not an entry path — the credentials at the top require verified experience.
- Start with
- Security+
- Steps
- 6
- Exam fees, full path
- ~$3,571
- Realistic duration
- 6–10 years
- Security+ · $404 Baseline.
- CySA+ · $404 or GSEC · $949 Technical depth in defense or broad security.
- CASP+ · $494 or CCSP · $599 Advanced technical architecture skills.
- CISSP · $749 The management-level credential for senior roles.
- CISM · $760 Security program management — complements CISSP.
- CGEIT · $760 Enterprise IT governance for board-level communication.
Worth knowing: CISSP needs five years of paid experience across two domains. Passing early makes you an Associate of ISC2, not a CISSP.
Certification Deep Dives
Detailed profiles with books, study resources, preparation advice, and realistic timelines.
ISC2
Gold StandardISC2 (International Information System Security Certification Consortium) is the world's leading cybersecurity professional organization, best known for the CISSP. All ISC2 exams are delivered via Pearson VUE.
ISACA
Governance & AuditISACA focuses on IT governance, risk, compliance, and audit. Their certifications are globally recognized in GRC roles. Exams via PSI or ISACA remote proctoring.
CompTIA
Industry FoundationCompTIA offers vendor-neutral IT certifications recognized worldwide. Security+, CySA+, PenTest+, and CASP+ form the cybersecurity pathway. Exams via Pearson VUE.
GIAC / SANS
Training-CoupledGIAC certifications validate skills taught in SANS courses. Exams are proctored via ProctorU or Pearson VUE. The associated SANS training is separate and expensive, but the exam can be taken independently.
OffSec
Hands-On OffensiveOffSec (formerly Offensive Security) offers practical, hands-on certifications. Exams are 100% practical — no multiple choice. OSCP is the gold standard for penetration testers.
EC-Council
Ethical HackingEC-Council is known for the Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH) and related certifications. Exams via Pearson VUE or EC-Council Exam Center.
INE / eLearnSecurity
Practical TrainingINE (formerly eLearnSecurity) offers practical, lab-based certifications. Exams are hands-on penetration tests and report writing. Growing reputation as affordable practical alternatives.
TCM Security
Practical & AffordableTCM Security offers practical certifications focused on real-world penetration testing. Founded by Heath Adams (TheCyberMentor). Growing community recognition.
Cisco
Network SecurityCisco security certifications validate network security skills on Cisco platforms. The CyberOps track focuses on SOC operations.
Cloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP)
Cloud SecurityMajor cloud providers offer security-specific certifications validating platform security skills. Each has its own exam delivery and renewal process.
No certification matches the current filters.
Evidence-Based Study Methods
Research-backed techniques that measurably improve certification exam outcomes.
Spaced Retrieval Practice
Meta-analyses of spacing and retrieval practice show medium-to-large improvements in long-term retention (effect size g ≈ 0.74) compared to massed study or rereading alone. This is the single highest-leverage study technique available.
- After each chapter, close the book and write down everything you can recall. Check what you missed. This single act of retrieval creates stronger memory traces than re-reading.
- Convert chapter end-questions, key tables, and definitions into flashcards. Use spaced repetition software (Anki, RemNote) to schedule reviews at expanding intervals.
- For MCQ-based certs (CISSP, CISA, Security+): create cards that mirror exam question format — scenario-based with 4 options, not simple fact recall.
- For practical certs (OSCP, PNPT): keep a “lab journal” documenting each machine compromised, techniques used, and mistakes made. Review periodically.
Active Study Patterns
- Primary book as linear pass: Read through all domains once, creating question-style notes as you go. Don’t try to memorize everything — build a map of the material.
- Complementary books for weak domains only: Use the second book for targeted reinforcement, not as another linear read. This prevents diminishing returns.
- Interleave domains: Mix practice questions from different domains rather than studying one domain exhaustively before moving to the next. Interleaving improves discrimination between similar concepts.
- Pomodoro technique: 25-minute focused blocks with 5-minute breaks. After 4 blocks, take a 15–30 minute break. RCT meta-analyses show structured breaks improve sustained attention and reduce fatigue.
Practice Exam Strategy
- Diagnostic mode first: Take one full practice exam cold at the start of your study to identify weak domains. Don’t score-chase — use it to guide your study plan.
- Domain-specific drilling: After studying each domain, take domain-specific practice sets. Review every wrong answer — understand why the correct answer is right and why yours was wrong.
- Simulation mode last: 1–2 weeks before exam day, take a timed, full-length practice exam under exam conditions. No notes, no breaks beyond what the real exam allows. This calibrates your time management and stamina.
- Never memorize practice answers: If you recognize a question from a previous attempt, skip it. The goal is pattern recognition, not answer memorization.
Practical Exam Preparation (OSCP, PNPT, etc.)
- Build a personal methodology: Document your enumeration, exploitation, and post-exploitation workflow. Follow it consistently in labs so it becomes automatic under exam pressure.
- Lab journaling: For every machine, record: initial scan results, attack path taken, dead ends, final exploit chain, and lessons learned. This is your most valuable study resource.
- Report template: Build your report template before exam day. Practice writing findings on lab machines so the format is second nature during the timed exam.
- Time management: In OSCP, allocate approximate time per machine. If stuck after your time budget, move on. Coming back with fresh eyes after other successes often breaks the block.
Exam Day Logistics
What to expect and how to prepare for exam delivery.
- Create a Pearson VUE account and link it to your certification body account.
- Schedule via the Pearson VUE website or the certification body’s portal.
- Test center or OnVUE (online proctored) — online requires a private room, clear desk, webcam, and stable internet.
- Bring two forms of government-issued ID (one with photo, one with signature). Names must match your registration exactly.
- Arrive 15 minutes early for test center. For online, start the check-in process 30 minutes before.
- No personal items allowed: no phones, watches, notes, food, or drinks (test center provides lockers).
- Schedule through ISACA’s certification portal, which connects to PSI.
- Test center or remote proctoring available.
- Remote proctoring requirements similar to Pearson VUE: private room, clear desk, webcam.
- One government-issued photo ID required.
- Schedule through the OffSec portal once you have an active course subscription.
- All exams are remote, proctored via webcam. You connect to the exam VPN.
- OSCP: 23 hours 45 minutes active exam + 24 hours to write and submit your report.
- Prepare your Kali VM and tools in advance. Test your VPN connection.
- Take screenshots of every step — your report must contain proof of exploitation.
- Plan for breaks, food, and sleep (especially for 24-hour exams).
- Schedule through the GIAC portal via ProctorU (remote) or Pearson VUE (test center).
- Most GIAC exams are open-book: you can bring printed/handwritten notes and course materials.
- Build a thorough index of your SANS books before the exam — this is the most critical prep step for GIAC.
- Two practice exams are included with each exam attempt.
- Most bodies provide a score breakdown by domain. Focus your restudy on weak domains.
- Wait periods vary: 30 days (ISC2, GIAC), 14 days (CompTIA after 2nd attempt), varies (ISACA, OffSec).
- Full exam fee typically applies for retakes (exceptions: OffSec with active subscription, TCM includes one free retake).
- Don’t rush the retake. Analyze what went wrong, rebuild your study plan, and aim for a 2–4 week restudy minimum.
- Score review / appeals: ISC2 and ISACA offer formal appeal processes, but overturns are rare. CompTIA and GIAC do not typically offer appeals.
- Test center pros: No home setup worries, reliable hardware, familiar “exam feel,” whiteboard/scratch paper provided.
- Test center cons: Travel time, scheduling constraints, potential noise from other test-takers.
- Remote pros: Convenience, flexible scheduling, familiar environment.
- Remote cons: Strict room requirements, internet dependency (disconnection can void exam), potential proctor delays, no scratch paper (digital whiteboard only).
- Recommendation: If you’ve never taken a remote proctored exam, try your least important certification first to learn the process.
Cost Summary
Exam fees, estimated training costs, and annual renewal. All prices approximate, 2025–2026. Costs may vary by region.
| Certification | Exam fee | Self-study | Official training | Renewal | Est. total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ISC2 6 certs | |||||
| CISSP | $749 · €690 | $50–150 | $2,500–3,500 | $125/yr AMF | $749+ |
| CCSP | $599 · €550 | $50–100 | $2,500–3,000 | $125/yr AMF | $599+ |
| SSCP | $249 · €230 | $40–80 | $1,500–2,500 | $65/yr AMF | $249+ |
| CC | $199 · €185 | Free–$30 | Free (ISC2) | $50/yr AMF | $199+ |
| CGRC | $599 · €550 | $40–80 | $2,000–3,000 | $125/yr AMF | $599+ |
| CSSLP | $599 · €550 | $50–100 | $2,500–3,000 | $125/yr AMF | $599+ |
| ISACA 5 certs | |||||
| CISA | $760 · €700 | $50–150 | $800–1,200 | $45–85/yr | $760+ |
| CISM | $760 · €700 | $50–150 | $800–1,200 | $45–85/yr | $760+ |
| CRISC | $760 · €700 | $50–100 | $800–1,200 | $45–85/yr | $760+ |
| CGEIT | $760 · €700 | $50–100 | $800–1,200 | $45–85/yr | $760+ |
| CDPSE | $760 · €700 | $50–100 | $800–1,200 | $45–85/yr | $760+ |
| CompTIA 4 certs | |||||
| Security+ | $404 · €375 | $30–80 | $350–500 | $75/3yr CE | $404+ |
| CySA+ | $404 · €375 | $30–80 | $350–500 | $75/3yr CE | $404+ |
| PenTest+ | $404 · €375 | $30–80 | $350–500 | $75/3yr CE | $404+ |
| CASP+ | $494 · €455 | $40–80 | $350–500 | $75/3yr CE | $494+ |
| GIAC / SANS 10 certs | |||||
| GSEC | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GPEN | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GCIH | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GCIA | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GCFA | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GCFE | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GREM | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GWAPT | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GFACT | $949 · €875 | N/A | $3,000–5,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| GXPN | $949 · €875 | N/A | $7,000–9,000 | $479/4yr | $949+ |
| OffSec 6 certs | |||||
| OSCP | $1,749 · €1,610 | Included | $1,749 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $1,749+ |
| OSEP | $1,749 · €1,610 | Included | $1,749 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $1,749+ |
| OSWE | $1,749 · €1,610 | Included | $1,749 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $1,749+ |
| OSWP | $799 · €735 | Included | $799 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $799+ |
| OSED | $1,749 · €1,610 | Included | $1,749 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $1,749+ |
| OSDA | $1,749 · €1,610 | Included | $1,749 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $1,749+ |
| EC-Council 2 certs | |||||
| CEH | $1,199 · €1,100 | $50–100 | $2,000–3,500 | $80/yr | $1,199+ |
| CHFI | $1,199 · €1,100 | $50–100 | $2,000–3,500 | $80/yr | $1,199+ |
| INE / eLearnSecurity 2 certs | |||||
| eJPT | $249 · €230 | Free–$50 | $299–499 (INE) | None/3yr | $249+ |
| eCPPT | $400 · €370 | Included | $499+ (INE) | None/3yr | $400+ |
| TCM Security 1 certs | |||||
| PNPT | $399 · €370 | $30–100 | $399 (bundle) | None (lifetime) | $399+ |
| Cisco 2 certs | |||||
| CyberOps Associate | $330 · €305 | $30–60 | $300–500 | Recertify/3yr | $330+ |
| CCNP Security | $660 · €610 | $50–100 | $1,000–2,500 | Recertify/3yr | $660+ |
| Cloud Vendors (AWS, Azure, GCP) 3 certs | |||||
| AWS Security Specialty | $300 · €275 | $30–60 | $300–600 | Recertify/3yr | $300+ |
| AZ-500 | $165 · €155 | Free–$30 | Free (MS Learn) | Free renewal/yr | $165+ |
| GCP Security Engineer | $200 · €185 | $30–60 | $300–600 | Recertify/2yr | $200+ |
No certification matches the current filters.